It is a system for creating large-scale atmospheric convection in the San Cristobal hill in Santiago, Chile, mainly with environmental criteria.

Creating a Global Identity
The proposal uses the mountain to create atmospheric convection, eliminating the air quality problem in Santiago while simultaneously accelerating the transformation of Santiago into a 21 st century global city. This convection creates a turbulent boundary layer between the trapped polluted air and the warmer air above initiating a daily thunderstorm that cleans the air. This storm becomes a global icon for Santiago.

An interesting side effect of globalization seems to be an anxiety for local identity. “Traditional” artisanal tchochkies clog pots-of-call as a sort of consumable artifact of local identity and culture. This anxiety applies to cities as well.

Santiago de Chile has public space, but no public identity. The city has no vision of itself and consequently public spaces are largely unprogrammed or the existing programs are not positioned in any sophisticates relationship to the city. Clearly, this is a direct result from a lack of complexity in the identity of the city itself. In fact, Santiago has many “cultural centers”, artifacts of various political legacies, that sit empty and are used for corporate expos and parties.

An Atmospheric Device
Parque Atmosfera proposes a lung for the city of Santiago that capitalizes on the height of Cerro Sancristobal to make an atmospheric device that serves as an icon for the city and for Chile in the 21 st Century.

A 21 st Century Lifestyle
Program, both in the tunnels and in the towers, is produced as the result of indeterminate actions on the part of the individual users of this structure. It is social by definition.

The towers organize the new park landscape as a set of vertical attractors that draw users in and up for recreation and leisure activities.

The tunnels each contain a facility that over time, will contribute to the de-polarization of the Chilean social sphere.

This proposal launches Santiago on the global stage by engaging Cerro San Cristobal, a site at the center of the city, the highest point in the city, and visible from everywhere in the city.

A Social Accelerator
Architecture cannot create a revolution; however, architecture possesses the ability to position technological and social revolution into situations people can understand, thus either accelerating or slowing such revolutions by helping or hindering the public’s ability to deal with change.

Unifying the city?
The mountain is the hinge of the city; it separates Santiago both physically and visually. This proposal seeks to stitch the city back together by reconsidering Cerro San Cristobal as a new center rather than a dividing element.

Santiago is a city of extremes. It has no mayor, but is a 6,6 million people agglomeration of 32 different municipalities and the Chilean federal government creating an extraordinary bureaucratic situation. Cerro San Cristobal fails fewer than 6 jurisdictions: the 5 communas that border ill, and the Federal Ministry of Housing. Looking out onto the city from a top the site, one sees two very different Santiagos. To the east is the city’s financial center with its skyscrapers and parks and to west are low-rise informal structures.

The mountain is the hinge of the city; it separates Santiago both physically and visually. This proposal seeks to stitch the city back together by reconsidering Cerro San Cristobal as a new center rather than a dividing element. Six tunnels stitch the city back together by providing additional methods of circulation through the mountain and by contain programs that accelerate the social and economic transformation of the city of the next 100 years.

Tensile Structures
A tensile system is used for the towers and the tunnels for both structural efficiency and as an emblem of the social tension produced by the two very different Santiagos on either side of Cerro San Cristobal.

Hung from the towers are a system of solar sails that can be deployed to enhance the venture effect in the system by warming the air with solar radiation to increase the air pressure differential between the towers.

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Bernard Tschumi was born in Lausanne, Switzerland, on January 25, 1944. He holds dual nationality, inherited from his French mother and his father, the renowned Swiss architect Jean Tschumi. He studied architecture at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich. His early years were spent moving between Zurich and Paris, where he experienced the May 1968 protests firsthand.

After completing his studies that same year, he began teaching at the Architectural Association in London, then led by Albin Boyarsky, a pivotal figure in shaping the critical approach to architectural education and practice that Tschumi would later implement. This period placed him in an environment where he interacted with a generation of outstanding architects.

He later taught at prestigious institutions such as Princeton University and The Cooper Union in New York. Between 1988 and 2003, he served as dean of the Graduate School of Architecture, Planning, and Preservation at Columbia University, leaving an indelible mark on the education of architects and the intellectual discourse of the discipline. He continues to teach at Columbia today.

His theoretical work, writings, and both conceptual and built projects have been fundamental in redefining the relationship between architecture and theory. He explores the interplay between space, movement, and events as dynamic forces that shape spatial relationships and urban experiences.

Tschumi is widely recognized for his influential books, including The Manhattan Transcripts—a project developed through four exhibitions between New York and London—first published in 1978 and reissued in 1994 following an exhibition at MoMA. Another key publication, Architecture and Disjunction, further develops his interest in an architecture that transcends mere form and function, engaging instead with spatial dynamics, narrative structures, and urban events, ultimately redefining the concept of place.

His early theoretical ideas were materialized in one of his most iconic projects: Parc de la Villette in Paris. After winning the competition in 1982, the project evolved over the following years with the construction of multiple folies, culminating in 1998. Here, Tschumi developed his concept of spatial relationships within an architectural landscape that activates the interaction between individuals, space, and the city.

Tschumi is the founder and director of Bernard Tschumi Architects, with offices in New York and Paris. Beyond his work at La Villette, his most notable projects include the Acropolis Museum in Athens, the Le Fresnoy Contemporary Arts Center in France, and the Vacheron-Constantin headquarters in Geneva. His architecture consistently explores spatial fragmentation and sensory experience, challenging conventional notions of architectural composition.

His work has been recognized with prestigious accolades, including the Grand Prix National d’Architecture in France (1996), multiple awards from the American Institute of Architects, and the National Endowment for the Arts. He is an international member of the Royal Institute of British Architects in England and the Collège International de Philosophie in France. Additionally, he has been honored as an Officer of both the Légion d’Honneur and the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres.

Tschumi’s work has been exhibited in major museums and biennials worldwide, including the Museum of Modern Art in New York, the Venice Architecture Biennale, the Netherlands Architecture Institute in Rotterdam, and the Centre Pompidou in Paris.

His legacy continues to shape architectural practice and thought on a global scale.

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Published on: October 23, 2010
Cite:
metalocus, INÉS LALUETA
"OLD ROCKERS NEVER DIE" METALOCUS. Accessed
<http://www.metalocus.es/en/news/old-rockers-never-die> ISSN 1139-6415
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