Architecture practice Jiakun Architects, led by Liu Jiakun, winner of the Pritzker Architecture Prize 2025, designed this renovation project was designed for the Tianbao Cave district in Erlang City, Luzhou, China. Located in the middle of a cliff are Tianbao Cave, Dibao Cave, and Renhe Cave, the largest liquor warehouses in the world.

Originally, the site was a production area for Lang Liquor, one of China's leading liquors. In this area, the dilapidated buildings were renovated and the scattered buildings were connected through a circular loop. The project organizes the spatial complex, creating a continuous setting while embracing the image of traditional Chinese architecture.

Jiakun Architects' design proposes a route around the entire cliff, carefully thought out in every detail. At the entrance, a structure in the form of an intertwined double spiral, made of wood and steel, creates a tunnel that leads to the reception hall. In this hall, the aged steel of the exterior roof is surrounded by a garden and serves as a viewing platform. Beneath this roof is a reception room with views of the Chishui River through a horizontal window.

Continuing the tour, you reach the Poetic Liquor Courtyard, a U-shaped building that opens onto the landscape and features a pond in the courtyard that reflects the surroundings. Inside, the production of various Chinese liquors is explained. This courtyard connects to the Tree Courtyard, a roof made of the same aged steel that was previously used and sheltering trees that grow through the roof, thus demonstrating respect for the environment.

Renovating of Tianbao Cave District of Erlang Town por Jiakun Architects. Photography by Arch-Exist.

Renovating of Tianbao Cave District of Erlang Town por Jiakun Architects. Photography by Arch-Exist.

Behind the Tree Courtyard is the Lang Exhibition Hall. It is a high room, with shelves on both sides, and mirrors on the floor and ceiling, creating a sense of infinity inside.

The most notable building is the liquor tasting pavilion, and below that is the blending experience area. This is a building designed for the enjoyment of liqueurs and their tasting. It has a concrete space in the lower, more private area, and an upper part of glass topped by the same type of steel roof that is repeated throughout the project.

Other noteworthy parts are the terrace garden, from which the landscape can be fully observed, and the vertical lift that ascends the hill and connects with the restaurant at the top.

Renovating of Tianbao Cave District of Erlang Town por Jiakun Architects. Photography by Arch-Exist.

Renovating of Tianbao Cave District of Erlang Town por Jiakun Architects. Photography by Arch-Exist.

Project description by Jiakun Architects

Background. The project site is located in Erlang Town, Gulin County in Luzhou City, next to Chishui River basin that is naturally perfect for making good liquors. It is in the middle part of the cliff under Tianbao Peak. There are Tianbao Cave, Dibao Cave, and Renhe Cave, which are the largest natural liquor-storage caves in the world.

Concept Pavilion. Extract the classic image of “Pavilion” from Chinese classical architecture as the prototype. Utilize the contemporary technique to express traditional connotations, echoing the brand culture of Lang.

Renovating of Tianbao Cave District of Erlang Town por Jiakun Architects. Photography by Arch-Exist.
Renovating of Tianbao Cave District of Erlang Town por Jiakun Architects. Photography by Arch-Exist.

Pan Museum. The project adopts the strategy of literary narration to organize the content of multiple spatial function nodes, which creates a continuous spatial scenario. The circulation focuses on the arrangement of rhythm. According to the location, height difference, and modality of the site, the space of light and shade, opening and closing, loose and tight, twists, and turns are thoughtfully organized to enrich visitors’ experience.

The Overall Layout. The site was originally the production area of Lang liquor, which has been one of the leading Chinese liquors for centuries. The new buildings replace the old ones with poor conditions and connect the reserved buildings scattered among the mountains in a circular loop.

Entrance Pergola. Composed bamboo and steel together construct a sixty-meter-long green tunnel, giving people a strong sense of space. The heliophilous trigonometry climbs as time goes by, swaying the shadow.

Renovating of Tianbao Cave District of Erlang Town por Jiakun Architects. Photography by Arch-Exist.
Renovating of Tianbao Cave District of Erlang Town por Jiakun Architects. Photography by Arch-Exist.

The Reception Lounge. The weathering steel pavilion cantilevers on the foundation bed that visitors are able to overlook the natural beauty. The interior of the foundation bed is a reception hall. The long horizontal window facing the Chishui River provides a photo frame of distant mountains.

Poetic Liquor Yard. The Poetic Liquor Yard demonstrates famous quotes about Chinese liquors. The three sides of the overhanging corridor are enclosed, surrounded by the mirror-like water.

The Tree Yard. Walk through the plank road in the woods and enter into the Tree Yard. The Tree Yard has low space with a suspending roof. Windows are designed when there are trees, allowing the sun to draw a mosaic of light on the ground. The panoramic projection on the surrounding walls presenting the liquor-making scene.

Renovating of Tianbao Cave District of Erlang Town por Jiakun Architects. Photography by Arch-Exist.
Renovating of Tianbao Cave District of Erlang Town por Jiakun Architects. Photography by Arch-Exist.

Exhibition Hall of Lang. Following the Tree Yard, visitors will arrive at the Exhibition Hall of Lang. Full height racks are arranged on both sides. Mirrors are installed on the ceiling and the ground, applying the sense of “limitlessness” through multiple reflections.  

Blending Experience Area. Move along the corridor to reach the blending experience area. Under the concrete arched beams, there are scattered individual blending experience rooms.

Liquor Tasting Pavilion. The Liquor Tasting Pavilion with the far-reaching eaves stands in the sky and is surrounded by water. With a cup of Lang in the gentle breeze, visitors can gaze into the distance.

Terraced Garden. Visitors walk through the cherry blossoms along the cascade of stairs and are able to enjoy various sceneries.

Renovating of Tianbao Cave District of Erlang Town por Jiakun Architects. Photography by Arch-Exist.
Renovating of Tianbao Cave District of Erlang Town por Jiakun Architects. Photography by Arch-Exist.

Plank Walkway and Lounge Bridge. The plank walkway and the lounge bridge wind through the woods.

The Sloped Elevator & Cliff Restaurant & Renhe Cave. The sloped elevator stands up to the mountain, connecting the Cliff Restaurant and Renhe Cave.

Material and Construction. The fair-faced concrete and the local stone are piled up and integrated into the landscape, forming the bed of basic functional areas. The orange-red weathering steel framework is cantilevered over the bed, lightly floating in the sky, which conveys the Oriental classical imagination dwelling in nature.

The project is interwoven in two characteristics, SEDIMENT, and FLOATING, being integrated into the mountain and tripping in the landscape.

More information

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Architects
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Jiakun Architects. Lead architects.- Jiakun Liu.

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Project team
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Project Management.- Langjiu Jijian.
Ying Yang, Qi Han, Weikun Zhu, Feng Wen, Yiming Qu, Luyi Wu, Su Liu, Qiuye Tao, Xiangdong Liu, Zhiming Wei, Jing Li.

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Collaborators
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Corporate Company Of Interior Construction Drawing.- Chengdu Qingmuyuanyi Design Company.
Lighting Design.- Brandston Partnership.

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Client
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Sichuan Gulin Langjiu Group.

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Builder
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Sichuan Lianxing Architectural Engineering Company, Z&F, Sichuan Wankun Landscape.

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Area
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8,478 sqm.

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Dates
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2021.

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Location
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Lang Foundation, Erlang Town, Gulin County, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.

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Photography
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Arch-Exist
WANG Kai (Brandston). 

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Liu Jiakun born in 1956 in Chengdu, People’s Republic of China, he spent much of his childhood in the corridors of Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, founded as Gospel Hospital in 1892, where his mother was an internist. He credits the environment of the Christian medical institute for cultivating his lifelong inherent religious tolerance. Although nearly all of his immediate family members were physicians, he displayed an interest in creative arts, exploring the world through drawing and literature, eventually prompting a teacher to introduce architecture as a profession.

At seventeen, Liu was part of China’s Zhiqing a program of “educated youth” assigned to vocational peasant farming in the countryside. Life, at the time, felt inconsequential, until he was accepted to attend the Institute of Architecture and Engineering in Chongqing (renamed Chongqing University) in 1978. Admittedly, he didn’t fully comprehend what it meant to be an architect but, “like a dream, I suddenly realized my own life was important.”

Liu graduated with a Bachelor of Engineering degree in Architecture in 1982 and was amongst the first generation of alumni tasked with rebuilding China during a transformative time for the nation. Working for the state-owned Chengdu Architectural Design and Research Institute in his early career, he volunteered to temporarily relocate to Nagqu, Tibet (1984–1986), the highest region on earth, because, “my major strength of the time seemed to be my fear of nothing, and, in addition, my painting and writing skills.” During those years and the several that followed, he was an architect by day, but an author by night, deeply engrossed in literary creation.

He nearly relinquished his architecture career until attending the 1993 solo architectural exhibition of Tang Hua, a former classmate from university, at the Shanghai Art Museum, reigniting his passion for the profession and fueling a new mindset that he, too, could deviate from prescribed societal aesthetics. He considers this transformational realization—that the built environment could serve as a medium for personal expression—as the moment that his architectural career truly began. He would soon experience his most formative years of intellectual growth, debating the purpose and power of architecture with contemporaries, including artists Luo Zhongli and He Duoling, and poet Zhai Yongming. 

Liu Jiakun founded JIAKUN Architects in 1999. Since then Liu has been featured in international exhibitions including Experimental Architecture by Young Chinese Architects - The 20th UIA World Congress of Architects (1999, Beijing, China); TU MU Young Architecture From China (2001, Berlin, Germany); Urban Creation, Shanghai Biennale (2002, Shanghai, China); the 1st, 3rd and 7th Bi-City Biennale of Urbanism/Architecture (2005, 2009 and 2017, Shenzhen, China); the 11th and 15th International Architecture Exhibition of La Biennale di Venezia (2008 and 2016, Venice, Italy); the 56th International Art Exhibition of La Biennale di Venezia (2015, Venice, Italy); Now and Here - Chengdu | Liu Jiakun: Selected Works (2017, Berlin, Germany); and Super Fusion - Chengdu Biennale (2021, Chengdu, China).

Currently, he is a visiting professor at the School of Architecture Central Academy of Fine Arts (Beijing, China), and has previously lectured at Cité de l’architecture et du patrimoine (Paris, France), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America), Royal Academy of Arts (London, United Kingdom), and leading institutions in China. Awards have included the Far Eastern Architectural Design, Outstanding Award (2007 and 2017); ASC Grand Architectural Creation Award (2009); Architectural Record China Awards (2010); WA Awards for Chinese Architecture (2016); Building with Nature, Architecture China Award (2020); Sanlian Lifeweek City for Humanity Awards for Public Contribution (2020); and UNESCO Asia-Pacific Awards for Cultural Heritage Conservation, New Design in the Heritage Contexts (2021).

Liu continues to practice and reside in Chengdu, China, prioritizing the everyday lives of fellow citizens through his works.

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Published on: September 15, 2025
Cite:
metalocus, CARLOS GARCÍA BAENA
"Tradition on the cliff. Renovating of Tianbao Cave District of Erlang Town by Jiakun Architects" METALOCUS. Accessed
<http://www.metalocus.es/en/news/tradition-cliff-renovating-tianbao-cave-district-erlang-town-jiakun-architects> ISSN 1139-6415
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