Donaire Arquitectos ganan el A.M. QATTAN FOUNDATION BUILDING

Donaire Arquitectos, con un presupuesto de casi cuatro millones de euros, no sólo tiene el merito de haber ganado, sino que entre los cuatro último seleccionados se encontraban estudios como: Francisco Mangado Arquitectos (Pamplona, Spain), Pesquera Ulargui Arquitectos (Madrid, Spain), MRJ Rundell & Associates (London, U.K.)

Situación.- Ramallah, Palestine.
Programa.- Cultural.
Cliente.- A.M. Qattan Foundation.
Dimensiones.- 4.372,00 m²
Colaboradores.- Architects: Pablo Baruc, J.Fco. García Gutiérrez, Héctor Arderius Salvador, Carlos Iglesias Carbonell, Juan Fco. Garrido (graphics), Adrián Vázquez (maqueta).

La AM Qattan Foundation se fundó  en 1994 y se encuentra registrada como organización benéfica en el Reino Unido. Desde 1998, ha trabajado en el desarrollo de la cultura y la educación, con especial atención a los niños, maestros y jóvenes artistas.

Texto del proyecto para el concurso:

Coming from abroad, the Qattan Foundation is perceived as a lighthouse bringing enlightenment to the Palestinian people. This role as a flagship of Palestinian culture is in need of a recognisable image worthy to represent its social leadership with a physical landmark. We imagine this landmark as a light up the mountain, seen from everywhere and, although modern and contemporary in its form, it is built from the very earth and stone of Palestine. The future building will target an international audience with a contemporary language, but what it will deliver is the local vernacular and very particular qualities.

As a building bound to the ground, it is designed to be in harmony with its physical setting, while taking advantage of the site's features. The main body is conceived as a stone plinth carved in terraces out of the natural soil, enhancing the interior-exterior relation through the use of lattices and natural stone permeable screenings. This innovative and contemporary use of the local stone will be used to clad entirely a tall transparent volume seating on top of the plinth. This volume will therefore perform like a lighthouse, a glittering landmark on top of the hill.

The distribution of uses is based on a suitable relation between public and private uses. Most public spaces and common facilities (art gallery, residence and parking lot) are located within the plinth, whereas the rest (library, multi-purpose space, storage/workshop space and book cafe) are located where the tower meets the plinth. The tower will house those uses in need of privacy and certain security, like the General Management, QCERD and CAP, all conceived as open plan working spaces with enclosed private office spaces. In order to supply the building with no disruption to its normal functioning, an independent loading bay will be arranged at the multi-purpose hall level from a private lane perpendicular to the main street.

Human scale spaces and elements are introduced in order to make the building softer and comfortable. Vegetation will grow in the courtyards like in an Arabian garden, giving a fresh feel and fragrance.

For instance, we would like to propose bringing the arbor space for informal meetings from the current headquarters. Although the predominant material will be limestone, we consider it important to achieve a warmer feel by introducing some coloured ceramic tiles forming “frozen” carpets at the reception area, as well as some colour patches at the bar, cafe library, etc.

Regarding the future extension, our design offers the possibility to make this possible at a very low cost. An extra terrace would be excavated further down the hill to relocate the parking lot. Depending on the budget it could be roofed by a light structure or pergola, or either another by a slab generating another volume clad in stone. The current space for parking would be perfect to house a big open-plan office space, being lit by the front facade and the rear courtyard, which links diagonally all the spaces within the plinth.

All the abovementioned qualities will contribute to making the visit a rich, surprising experience from the very moment the glittering volume is perceived from the distance. As one approaches the complex, a wide deep opening shaded with a stone screen invites visually to the access towards a big square. This square will be the centre of social life and events like open air concerts, and will be in close contact with the art gallery and multi-purpose hall by ramps running within courtyards. These ramps make all the public use spaces highly accessible, whilst accessibility will be granted in the tower by two elevators running along rigid structural cores.

In terms of sustainability, we are proposing some simple yet very effective mechanisms, most of them already used by vernacular architecture long before air conditioning entered the scene. Like ancient Palestinians used the materials they could find where they lived, we propose to use locally sourced limestone and ceramic tiles, not only saving on budget, but also improving the overall carbon footprint and providing durable and low maintenance materials. In order to save energy we employ every possible way of introducing natural light into the building, like courtyards, big openings and a light well or atria in the tower. Similarly we have arranged a section which allows cross-ventilation through the courtyards and the central atria in the tower, as well as proposed to install PV panels on the technical floor at the tower´s roof. As for the solar protection we have mentioned before the stone screening which will shade the tower´s glass surfaces, in addition to the deep cantilevers shading the wide openings we have proposed for the plinth.

As a conclusion we would like to emphasize that we are committed with a rational functional and economical design, reconciled at the same time with local ancient qualities that vernacular architecture provides, in order to achieve a simple and yet rich environment Palestinian people will feel as their own.