Architecture studio Brooks + Scarpa have been part of the Brutal DC exhibition on display at the Southern Utah Museum of Art, which opens its doors from October 14, 2023 to March 2, 2024. The project on display of the study is the renovation project of the former Robert C. Weaver federal building owned by the United States federal government in the country's capital, Washington D.C.

The building, built in 1968 by Marcel Breuer, served as the headquarters of the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development. The project aims to transform the building and create a mixed-use structure that incorporates more than three hundred new housing units, a small office space and a variety of community services.
The proposal to renovate the Marcel Breuer building by Brooks + Scarpa is based on this new era of remote work, which has caused an exodus from Washington DC and many urban centers globally. The state of emergency caused by the pandemic in 2020 has led to vacancy of office buildings due to the ability to work remotely.

According to a study by architects, seventy million Americans can now work remotely and only 6% express a desire to return to office work full time. The mark left by these statistics has produced a vacancy in federal buildings that ranges between 90 and fifty percent.


Display. Robert C. Weaver Federal Building renovation by Brooks + Scarpa.

The project presented by the architecture studio is based on one of these federal buildings that have been left unused, providing it with mixed uses, both housing to which 45% of the spaces are dedicated, community services and a small space for offices. The entire project is built with the historical footprint created by the original building in mind, thereby mitigating the environmental impact of demolition and new construction, as well as the carbon-intensive nature of traditional building materials.

By preserving the foundation and structure of the building while improving its systems, the energy efficiency of the structure improves dramatically, reducing energy consumption by up to 40%. This approach aligns with findings from the National Trust for Historic Preservation, which indicate that it takes decades for new buildings to offset the initial climate impact of their construction, while preserving an important part of architectural history.
 
The job of transforming an office building into a mixed-use facility comes with challenges, which the architects have overcome by eliminating the central, outdated interior core of the building. In its place, a central courtyard garden will be introduced, serving as a shared space for both office occupants and residential tenants.


Display. Robert C. Weaver Federal Building renovation by Brooks + Scarpa.

The central garden will serve as the lung of the building, providing well-lit shared spaces and amenities. These amenities include conference rooms, gyms, community rooms, hotel rooms, event areas, restaurants and other spaces arranged in a multi-level vertical garden. This approach not only adapts the building to a housing model, but also encourages more open, light-filled office spaces.

By preserving the structure designed by Breuer, this proposal contributes to a more just and equitable future for all citizens. It serves as an adaptation to the changing lifestyles and changing needs of our cities, providing a new perspective on the potential of reusing large, obsolete office buildings.

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Architects
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Project team
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Angela Brooks, Ahmad Chehab, Ryan Clement, Kiki Guo, Jeffrey Huber, Matthew Hunt, Joseph Kim, Zongli Li, Karen Lopez, Iliya Muzychuk, Kevin Lugo-Negrete, Calder Scarpa, Lawrence Scarpa.
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Area
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65,000 sqm.
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Organization
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Southern Utah Museum of Art.
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Dates
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October 14, 2023 to March 2, 2024.
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Location
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Southern Utah Museum of Art, 13 S 300 W, Cedar City, UT 84720, United States.
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Brooks + Scarpa is a collective of architects, designers and creative thinkers dedicated to enhancing the human experience. Honored with the 2014 Smithsonian Cooper- Hewitt National Design Award, the firm is a multi-disciplinary practice.

Founded in 1991 as Pugh + Scarpa, the firm changed its name in 2010 to reflect the current leadership under Angela Brooks, FAIA and Lawrence Scarpa, FAIA. Today, Brooks + Scarpa is a 25 person interdisciplinary practice involved in rigorous design and research that yields innovative, iconic buildings and urban environments.

With more than one hundred significant national and international awards and thousands of publications awards include; the Smithsonian Cooper-Hewitt National Design Award, National and State of California American Institute of Architects Firm Award, The Lifetime Achievement Award from AIA California Council and Interior Design Magazine, Architectural Record Houses, Architectural Record Interiors, The World Habitat Award and The Rudy Brunner Prize. 

The firm’s work has been exhibited worldwide including venues such as The Museum of Contemporary Art Los Angeles, The National Building Museum, Portland Museum of Art, the Gwanju Bienale and has also appeared on The Oprah Winfrey Show.
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Marcel Breuer, born in Hungary in 1902, was educated under the Bauhaus manifesto of “total construction”; this is likely why Breuer is well known for both his furniture designs as well as his numerous works of architecture, which ranged from small residences to monumental architecture and governmental buildings. His career flourished during the Modernist period in conjunction with architects and designers such as founder of Bauhaus, Walter Gropius, Le Corbusier and Mies van der Rohe.

Breuer began his career as first a student, then a teacher at the Bauhaus, a position that he secured in 1925. Incidentally, it was also the year that Breuer earned recognition for his design of the “Wassily” chair, a tubular steel chair – sleek and functional – that represented the industrial aesthetic and formal simplicity of the Modernist period.

In 1937 he was invited by instructor and colleague Walter Gropius to become a faculty member at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts. There, he and Gropius worked together in a joint architectural firm. In 1941, Breuer split off from Gropius and opened his own practice. Much of Breuer’s early work was an exploration into post-war living. Projects like the “bi-nuclear house” were among many that were developed from this period by Breuer and his contemporaries. This was an era of the post-war boom, new materials and industries, prefabrication and the commodity of home ownership. By the 1950's, Breuer designed approximately sixty private residences.

Breuer’s career made a turning point when he was commissioned in 1953 to design the UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) Headquarters in Paris. This public and monumental building marked Breuer’s return to Europe and public projects. It was also around this time that Breuer established a satellite office in Paris to oversea other European commissions while still working on projects in the United States.

In 1963, Breuer began work on the Whitney Museum of Art in New Yor Ckity, probably one of his best-known public projects. The museum clearly speaks to Breuer’s Brutalist design tendencies – the primary use of concrete, the top-heavy form, and minimal glazing. Over the next few decades, Breuer designed housing projects, various buildings in universities and schools across the country, museums, research centers, the US Embassy in the Netherlands, and several buildings for the United States government in Washington. His design career was also filled with various iterations of the “Wassily” chair and other furnishings whose aesthetic still carries associations and influence today.

Marcel Breuer died in New York, United States, in 1981 at the age of 71.

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Published on: October 26, 2023
Cite: "Brooks + Scarpa in the Brutal DC exhibition with the renovation of the Robert C. Weaver federal building" METALOCUS. Accessed
<https://www.metalocus.es/en/news/brooks-scarpa-brutal-dc-exhibition-renovation-robert-c-weaver-federal-building> ISSN 1139-6415
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