Climate adaptation in a building. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes
13/06/2023.
[Ibiza] Spain
metalocus, ADELA BONAS
metalocus, ADELA BONAS
Barcelona-based architecture studio Peris+Toral Arquitectes was commissioned to design a group of social housing in a heterogeneous environment, located in an area of new urban growth, unconsolidated, to the south of the city of Ibiza, in the Islands Balearic Islands, Spain. The building seeks to adapt to the climate by proposing an energy system with a low carbon footprint.
The IBAVI (Balearic Housing Institute) in recent years has set a high demand for energy performance, reduction of carbon footprint, and application of sustainable construction systems, which have involved a whole process of research and avant-garde in local construction.
With these parameters, the building is projected in such a way that it does not require an active heating or cooling system, which was a technical and constructive challenge. To solve these challenges, it was decided to use load-bearing walls with 20-cm-thick compacted earth blocks (BTC), which, thanks to their inertia and density, resolve acoustics between neighbors, while their clay composition controls hygrothermal behavior. in addition to reducing the carbon footprint.
The project is one of the 21 finalists for the Architecture CSCAE Awards and one of the 50 finalists for the BEAU XVI.
The IBAVI (Balearic Housing Institute) in recent years has set a high demand for energy performance, reduction of carbon footprint, and application of sustainable construction systems, which have involved a whole process of research and avant-garde in local construction.
With these parameters, the building is projected in such a way that it does not require an active heating or cooling system, which was a technical and constructive challenge. To solve these challenges, it was decided to use load-bearing walls with 20-cm-thick compacted earth blocks (BTC), which, thanks to their inertia and density, resolve acoustics between neighbors, while their clay composition controls hygrothermal behavior. in addition to reducing the carbon footprint.
The project is one of the 21 finalists for the Architecture CSCAE Awards and one of the 50 finalists for the BEAU XVI.
Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes. Photograph by Jose Hevia.
Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes. Photograph by Jose Hevia.
Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes. Photograph by Jose Hevia.
Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes. Photograph by Jose Hevia.
Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes. Photograph by Jose Hevia.
Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes. Photograph by Jose Hevia.
Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes. Photograph by Jose Hevia.
Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes. Photograph by Jose Hevia.
Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes. Photograph by Jose Hevia.
Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes. Photograph by Jose Hevia.
Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes. Photograph by Jose Hevia.
Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes. Photograph by Jose Hevia.
Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes. Photograph by Jose Hevia.
Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes. Photograph by Jose Hevia.
Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes. Photograph by Jose Hevia.
Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes. Photograph by Jose Hevia.
Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes. Photograph by Jose Hevia.
Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes. Photograph by Jose Hevia.
Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes. Photograph by Jose Hevia.
Site plan. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
Ground floor plan. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
First floor plan. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
Second floor plan. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
Third floor plan. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
Fourth floor plan. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
Roof plan. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
Section. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
Section. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
Section. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
Section. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
Elevation. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
Elevation. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
Elevation. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
Constructive floor plan. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
Constructive floor plan. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
Modular composition. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
Modular composition. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
Modular composition. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
Modular composition. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
Façade constructive section. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
Constructive section. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
Constructive section. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
Roof construction section. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
Section. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
Constructive axonometry. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
Axonometric modulation system. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
Rendering. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
Rendering. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
Rendering. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
Rendering. Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes.
The design proposed by Peris+Toral Arquitectes is a good example of high density that is made up of three large modules, in which each one accommodates up to four homes organized around a small patio, which allows cross ventilation in all homes. and a better response to the climate on this side of the island.
The fragmentation of the built volume allows, despite the concentration of houses, its volumetric relationship with its neighbors to be friendly and at different scales. The articulation of the building with different heights and setbacks facilitates the use of roof terraces and adequate perimeter ventilation.
The fragmentation of the built volume allows, despite the concentration of houses, its volumetric relationship with its neighbors to be friendly and at different scales. The articulation of the building with different heights and setbacks facilitates the use of roof terraces and adequate perimeter ventilation.
"'Everything is home', inviting to live in community".
The structural composition, which the architects have already experimented with good results in other residential buildings such as the one in Cornellà de Llobregat, allows the system not to distinguish “between the aggregation and the housing units, but rather values the room as a spatial unit and projective". It is a system of undifferentiated modules, without a pre-assigned use, without corridors, which facilitates flexibility of use and optimizes the use of space.
Materials such as larch wood, clay plaster, and terrazzo flooring are chosen, which foster the perception of continuity, giving the feeling that everything is a single home, and therefore activating community life.
Project description by Peris + Toral Arquitectes
The desire to obtain homes that do not require an active heating or cooling system has conditioned the entire proposal. From the orientation of the building to the construction system.
The construction system of load-bearing walls with 20cm thick compacted earth blocks (BTC) with a density of about 2000kg/m3 offers a lot of inertia, a sufficient mass to solve the acoustics between neighbors with a single sheet, and a low footprint of carbon. In addition, the clays give it a hygrothermal behavior that allows regulation of the humidity of the environment.
Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes. Photograph by Jose Hevia.
In a heterogeneous environment without a very defined urban fabric, the proposal prioritizes sunlight and orientation to the sea to find the prevailing winds of the Embat during the day and the Terral at night.
Three aggregation units of up to four homes per landing, organized around a patio, allow all typologies to face south and have cross ventilation. It is a high-density proposal, which concentrates the building in one piece, whose scale dialogues with the surrounding buildings. But, at the same time, it acquires a smaller grain of setbacks, in keeping with the volume of the neighboring single-family homes, through discontinuities that favor the use of roof terraces as terraces or green roofs.
The result is an articulated volumetry, of variable depth and height, which multiplies the number of corners –vortices– of the building to increase the speed of the air. This solution improves ventilation in a climate like that of Ibiza, with mild winters, in which the behavior of the building in summer is of particular concern.
Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes. Photograph by Jose Hevia.
The project proposes a system of interconnecting rooms in a staggered fashion, inserted between the main load-bearing and interlocking walls so that the structure shapes the space. The system does not distinguish between the aggregation and the housing units but values the room as a spatial and project unit. Each 4mx3m module consists of 12 m2 of surface, regardless of use.
The units consist of between four and six modules, responding to a social housing program of one, two, and three bedrooms. The rest of the compartmentalization, as well as the doors and carpentry, are made of larch wood that contrasts with the rawness of the earth. The arrangement of the kitchen-dining room in the center of the house, as a distributor module, eliminates corridors and makes domestic work visible, avoiding gender roles. To achieve flexibility and adaptability, the surfaces are redistributed, so that the living room gives space to the rest of the rooms until it equalizes them, eliminating the hegemony of the living room, to optimize the plan and obtain its maximum performance.
In order to reduce energy demand, both in winter and summer, there is a roof over the patio that works as an atrium in winter and as a solar chimney in summer. In winter, the building becomes compact and captures heat through the galleries and atriums and is sheltered with a cork ETICS to avoid thermal bridges and infiltrations. The inertia allows us to keep the heat during the night. However, in summer the atrium is opened and the solar protections are deployed to increase the form factor of the building, allowing it to dissipate heat and increasing the speed of the air to improve the thermal sensation and comfort.
Social Housing in Ibiza by Peris+Toral Arquitectes. Photograph by Jose Hevia.
The atrium is not only an environmental sustainability strategy, but also a social one, as it brings together circulations and community spaces to foster the social relations that build the community. An access passage that connects the three lobbies articulates the gradient of intermediate spaces between the street and the community patios.
The use of the same materials, larch wood, clay plaster, and terrazzo flooring in situ, both in the home and in the community spaces, fosters a perception of continuity, so that "everything is home", inviting to live in the community. Thus, the building has a wide spectrum of intermediate spaces, from the most private, galleries, terraces, and gardens on the ground floor, to those that acquire a common dimension, the access passage, the atriums, and the green roofs.
More information
Architects
Peris + Toral Arquitectes. Lead architects.- Marta Peris, José Toral.
Project team
Guillem Pascual, Ana Espinosa, Izaskun González, Maria Megias, Cristina Porta, Miguel Bernat.
Collaborators
Technical Architect.- José Luis Velilla Lon.
Structure.- Manel Fernández, Meri Blanco (Bernuz-Fernández arquitectes). Installations.- Jaume Pastor (L3J Tècnics Associats).
Environmental consultancy.- Luca Volpi, Albert Sagrera (ocietat Orgánica).
Acoustics.- Sergi Soler, Grisel·la Iglesias (Àurea Acústica).
Structure.- Manel Fernández, Meri Blanco (Bernuz-Fernández arquitectes). Installations.- Jaume Pastor (L3J Tècnics Associats).
Environmental consultancy.- Luca Volpi, Albert Sagrera (ocietat Orgánica).
Acoustics.- Sergi Soler, Grisel·la Iglesias (Àurea Acústica).
Developer
IBAVI.
Builder
UTE Serrano Aznar Obras Públicas, S.L.U. - Construcciones y Desarrollos Tudimir, S.L.
Area
3.928,74 m².
Dates
Finalización.- 11-10.11.2022.
Environmental parameters
-Energy rating.- A
-CO2.- 423 kg/CO2 x m2 Reduction 43.60% (1)..
-Joint annual demand for cold and heat.- 8.63 kWh/m2 Reduction 75.10% (2).
-Water consumption.- 85 lpd. Reduction 29.70% (3).
-CO2.- 423 kg/CO2 x m2 Reduction 43.60% (1)..
-Joint annual demand for cold and heat.- 8.63 kWh/m2 Reduction 75.10% (2).
-Water consumption.- 85 lpd. Reduction 29.70% (3).
(1) Reduction with respect to an average value of CO₂ emissions for each type of building: 750 kg/ CO₂ x m².
(2) Reduction with respect to an average value of the combined annual demand (cold and heat) for all types of buildings: 34.73 kW/h x m².
(3) Reduction percentage on a reference building with an average consumption of 120 litres·person·day.
(2) Reduction with respect to an average value of the combined annual demand (cold and heat) for all types of buildings: 34.73 kW/h x m².
(3) Reduction percentage on a reference building with an average consumption of 120 litres·person·day.
Budget
€5,322,345.91 (VAT excluded).
Location
Calle María Teresa de León, 8-14, Ibiza, Islas Baleares, Spain.
Photography
José Hevia.
Marta Peris, Jose Manuel Toral. peris+toral
peris+toral.arquitectes. Founded in 2005 by Marta Peris and Jose Manuel Toral, both graduated from ETSAB, peris+toral.arquitectes is an architecture practice based in Barcelona, which combines its professional activity with the academic one. They are currently working in different projects, both in housing and public space, while working as teachers in the Faculty of Architecture in Barcelona (ETSAB) and IED.
Their work has been published in architecture books and magazines, nationally and internationally, and exhibited in UIA Tokyo 2011, París 2009 and the Venice Biennal 2000. Theorically, the practice has published articles both in architecture books and magazines, among which Arquitectura COAM, Ed. Fundamentos and DC Papers are to highlight. Their work has been recognized with different awards such as AJAC Joves Arquitectes 2011, FAD 2009 award fianlists, Saloni d’Arquitect award fianlists.
2021 Winner. Premio Europeo di Architettura MATILDE BAFFA UGO RIVOLTA 2021. 85 Viviendas sociales en Cornellà
2021 Gold Award. BEST ARCHITECTS 22. 85 Viviendas sociales en Cornellà
2021 First Prize. Premios MAPEI a la Arquitectura Sostenible 2021. 85 Viviendas sociales en Cornellà
2021 Winner Jury's TOP PICK. BLT Built Design Awards - Social Housing. 85 Viviendas sociales en Cornellà
2021 Winner. THE PLAN AWARD 2021 - Social Housing. 85 Viviendas sociales en Cornellà
2021 Winner Best of best. ARCHITECTURE MASTERPRIZE AMP 2021 - Residential Multi Unit. 85 Viviendas sociales en Cornellà
2021 Winner ex-aequo. Premio CATALUNYA CONSTRUCCIÓ 2021 - Innovació a la construcció. 85 Viviendas sociales en Cornellà
2021 Winner. Premio A+ by DAIKIN - Vivienda plurifamiliar. 85 Viviendas sociales en Cornellà
2021 Winner. XV Premios NAN Arquitectura y construcción 2021 - Residencial. 85 Viviendas sociales en Cornellà
2021 Winner. Premio de opinión, PREMIO FAD DE ARQUITECTURA. 85 Viviendas sociales en Cornellà
2021 Awarded. Arquitectura y Urbanismo, BEAU XV. 85 Viviendas sociales en Cornellà
Their work has been published in architecture books and magazines, nationally and internationally, and exhibited in UIA Tokyo 2011, París 2009 and the Venice Biennal 2000. Theorically, the practice has published articles both in architecture books and magazines, among which Arquitectura COAM, Ed. Fundamentos and DC Papers are to highlight. Their work has been recognized with different awards such as AJAC Joves Arquitectes 2011, FAD 2009 award fianlists, Saloni d’Arquitect award fianlists.
2021 Winner. Premio Europeo di Architettura MATILDE BAFFA UGO RIVOLTA 2021. 85 Viviendas sociales en Cornellà
2021 Gold Award. BEST ARCHITECTS 22. 85 Viviendas sociales en Cornellà
2021 First Prize. Premios MAPEI a la Arquitectura Sostenible 2021. 85 Viviendas sociales en Cornellà
2021 Winner Jury's TOP PICK. BLT Built Design Awards - Social Housing. 85 Viviendas sociales en Cornellà
2021 Winner. THE PLAN AWARD 2021 - Social Housing. 85 Viviendas sociales en Cornellà
2021 Winner Best of best. ARCHITECTURE MASTERPRIZE AMP 2021 - Residential Multi Unit. 85 Viviendas sociales en Cornellà
2021 Winner ex-aequo. Premio CATALUNYA CONSTRUCCIÓ 2021 - Innovació a la construcció. 85 Viviendas sociales en Cornellà
2021 Winner. Premio A+ by DAIKIN - Vivienda plurifamiliar. 85 Viviendas sociales en Cornellà
2021 Winner. XV Premios NAN Arquitectura y construcción 2021 - Residencial. 85 Viviendas sociales en Cornellà
2021 Winner. Premio de opinión, PREMIO FAD DE ARQUITECTURA. 85 Viviendas sociales en Cornellà
2021 Awarded. Arquitectura y Urbanismo, BEAU XV. 85 Viviendas sociales en Cornellà
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