In the undefined outskirts of Granada, the central offices of the Caja General, the most significant bank of the city, were built and finished in 2001 by the renowned architect Alberto Campo Baeza.

On the occasion of the National Architecture Prize 2020 awarded to the architect Alberto Campo Baeza we are publishing one of his most recognized and emblematic projects, the Central Headquarters of Caja General de Ahorros Granada.

In simple words, the project is a stereotomic, containing, stone and concrete box, that traps sunlight in its interior to serve a tectonic, contained, box enclosed in an efficient "impluvium of light."  A diagonal space crossed by a diagonal light.

A building that plays with the control of the harsh light of the city, sifting it, manipulating it and turning it into a kinder light inside.
In the project of Alberto Campo Baeza, a great semi-cubical volume serves as a reference to tense this new part of the city. In order to resolve the slope of the site and the ground floor level, a great base is created between the two highways that border the site upon which the cubic piece sits.

The emerging, stereotomic, cubic box, is built of a reinforced concrete grid 3x3x3 meter, which serves as a mechanism to collect light. The two southern facades function as a "brise-soleil," and, the two northern facades, receive the homogeneous and continuous light and are enclosed by stone and glass in horizontal bands.
 

Description of project by Alberto Campo Baeza

A large cube is built on top of a podium flanked by two courtyards.

The parking areas, archives and Data Processing Center are accommodated in this podium.  Offices are arranged inside the cube on seven floors around the central interior courtyard. The cube is built on a 3x3x3m grid of reinforced concrete that in the roof serves as a light-gathering mechanism, the central theme of this building. The two facades to the south operate as a “brise-soleil” and, filtering this powerful light, illuminate the areas of open offices. The two facades to the north, serving the individual offices, receive the homogeneous and continuous light of this orientation and are closed to the exterior by means of a stone and glass cladding.

The central interior courtyard, a true “impluvium of light”, gathers the solid sunlight through the skylights and reflecting it on the alabaster surfaces of the walls of the dihedron open to the south increases the illumination of the open offices to the dihedron facing north. The roof rests on four huge columns of exposed concrete. Functionally, the building is compact, flexible and simple.

In short, it is a concrete and stone box that traps the sunlight inside in order to serve the functions carried out within this “impluvium of light”.

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Architects
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Collaborators
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Architect co-director of works.- Felipe Samarán Saló. Architects collaborators.- Ignacio Aguirre López, Gonzalo Torcal Fernández-Corugedo, Emilio Delgado Martos, Raúl del Valle, María Concepción Pérez Gutiérrez, Tomás García Píriz, Antón García Abril, Héctor Ruiz Velázquez, Francisco Arévalo Toro, Daniel Fraile, Pedro Pablo Arroyo, Patricia Esteve. Structures.- Andrés Rubio Morán, Víctor Martínez Segovia. Engineer.- Rafael Úrculo Aramburu.
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Client
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Builder
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OHL (A. Padilla), LKS (F. Varela).
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Area
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40,000 sqm.
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Dates
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Competition.- 1992. Design date.- 1998. Construction.- 1999-2001.
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Materials
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Concrete, Iron, Glass, Stone, Alabaster. Frame.- Reinforced concrete Grid (Stereotomic box), Iron Grid (Tectonic box).
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Location
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Highway of Armilla w/n Granada, Spain.
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Photography
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Alberto Campo Baeza. Born in Valladolid (1946), where his grandfather was an architect, from the age of two he lived in CADIZ where he saw the LIGHT. From his father he inherited a spirit of ANALYSIS and from his mother the determination to be an ARCHITECT.

He lives in Madrid, where he moved to study Architecture. His first professor was Alejandro de la Sota, who instilled in him the ESSENTIAL architecture that he is still trying to erect. He is a PROFESSOR at the Madrid School of Architecture, ETSAM, where he has been a tenured professor for more than 25 years.

He has taught at the ETH in Zurich and the EPFL in Lausanne as well as the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. And in Dublin and Naples, Virginia and Copenhagen. And at the BAUHAUS in Weimar and at Kansas State University. He spent a year as a research fellow at COLUMBIA University in New York in 2001 and again in 2011. He has given many lectures and has received many awards like the TORROJA for his Caja Granada building. And he was awarded the Buenos Aires Biennial 2009 for his Nursery for Benetton in Venice and his MA Museum in Granada. He has recently been nominated by the American Academy of Arts and Letters for the prestigious Arnold W. Brunner Memorial Prize of 2010.

His works have been widely recognized. From the single family houses Casa Turégano and Casa de Blas, both in Madrid, to Casa Gaspar, Casa Asencio and Casa Guerrero in Cádiz. And the Olnick Spanu House in Garrison, New York, the Centro BIT in Inca-Mallorca, the Caja de Granada Savings Bank and the MA, the Museum of Andalusian Memory, both in Granada, and a nursery for Benetton in Venice. And Between Cathedrals in Cádiz, and just recently a building for Offices in Zamora (2012). And the construction of the new Offices for Benetton in Samara, Russia, which is about to begin.

And more than 20 editions of a BOOK with his texts “LA IDEA CONSTRUÍDA” [THE BUILT IDEA] have been published in several languages. A fourth edition of “PENSAR CON LAS MANOS”, a second compilation of his writings, has just been published. And just now “PRINCIPIA ARCHITECTONICA”, a collection of his texts written during his sabbatical year at Columbia University in New York in 2011.

He believes in Architecture as a BUILT IDEA. And he believes that the principle components of Architecture are GRAVITY that constructs SPACE and LIGHT that constructs TIME.

He has exhibited his work in the CROWN HALL by Mies at Chicago’s IIT and at the PALLADIO Basilica in Vicenza. And in the Urban Center in New York. And at the Saint Irene Church in Istanbul. In 2009 the prestigious MA Gallery of Toto in Tokyo made an anthological exhibition of his work that in 2011 was in the MAXXI in Rome.

Act.>. 04-2012
 

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Published on: December 29, 2020
Cite: "Impluvium of light. Headquarters of Caja General de Ahorros Granada by Alberto Campo Baeza" METALOCUS. Accessed
<https://www.metalocus.es/en/news/impluvium-light-headquarters-caja-general-de-ahorros-granada-alberto-campo-baeza> ISSN 1139-6415
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